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Switch/Router Tour

A physical walkthrough of enterprise-grade switches and a router, covering port layouts, status indicators, uplink options, and key hardware features. Includes side-by-side comparisons of Cisco 2960, 3750, and 1800 series equipment.

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About this video

Enterprise network infrastructure relies on a clear understanding of the physical hardware that forms its foundation. Managed switches such as the Cisco 2960 are commonly rack-mounted 48-port devices that use patch cables to connect end-user equipment or other network devices. Front-panel LED indicators provide real-time status information including link state, utilization, and speed, and can be cycled through different display modes using an onboard button. Uplink ports on the switch support both RJ45 copper connections and GBIC slots, which accept modular transceivers to enable fiber optic connections between switches or to upstream equipment. Higher-end models like the Cisco 3750 expand on this foundation with several additional capabilities. StackWise ports on the rear allow multiple 3750 switches to be interconnected at the backplane level, effectively combining them into a single logical unit with significantly higher throughput. Power over Ethernet support enables the switch to deliver electrical power directly to connected devices such as IP phones. The rear panel also features hot-swappable power supplies and fan modules, providing hardware redundancy so that a failed component can be replaced without taking the switch offline. An expansion slot on the front accepts additional interface cards for extended functionality. Routers differ from switches in both form and purpose, and the Cisco 1800 series illustrates this clearly. With far fewer ports than a comparable switch, the router is built around a specific set of functions rather than high port density. The rear panel includes Fast Ethernet interfaces, a T1-capable WAN port, and modular card slots that can be populated with different interface types depending on deployment requirements. A dedicated power switch, console port, and auxiliary port are all present, with the auxiliary port serving as an out-of-band management path via an external modem when the device is unreachable through normal network access. An external flash card slot provides expandable storage for the device's operating system and configuration files.

What you'll learn

What's covered

Network Equipment Overview

Aligned to

Cisco CCST Networking
4.3 Identify the various ports on network devices
3.3 Describe endpoint devices
4.5 Explain basic switching concepts
Cisco CCNA
1.3 Compare physical interface and cabling types
1.1 Explain the role and function of network components
Cisco CCST IT
2.3 Assist end users in locating, identifying, and understanding ports and cables

Key terms

Switch
A network device that connects devices within a LAN and forwards traffic based on MAC addresses.
Router
A network device that forwards data packets between networks based on IP addresses.
Redundancy
The duplication of critical components or systems to increase reliability and availability.
Console Port
A physical management port on a network device used to establish a direct local connection for configuration and administration.
GBIC/SFP Slot
GBIC/SFP
A modular slot on a switch or router that accepts hot-swappable transceiver modules, enabling flexible media connections such as fiber optics.
StackWise Connector
A proprietary backplane connector found on Cisco 3750-series switches that links multiple switches together for high-speed, unified operation.
Uplink Port
A high-speed port on a switch used to connect to other switches, routers, or upstream network equipment.
Power over Ethernet
PoE
IEEE 802.3af/at/bt technology that delivers DC electrical power to network devices such as IP phones, wireless access points, and cameras over standard Ethernet cabling, eliminating the need for separate power supplies. PoE standards range from 15.4 W per port (802.3af) up to 90 W per port (802.3bt).
Modular Expansion Slot
An open bay on a router or switch chassis that accepts interchangeable interface cards to add or change port types and functionality.

Topics

Networking Network Hardware Managed Switches Routers Cisco Ios Sfp Gbic Network Infrastructure

Transcript

Three 48-port switches

I have a few switches here that we will look at, and then I will pull up a router and we will look at the router. The first thing you should notice with these switches is that all three of them are 48-port switches.

Typically these would be found on a rack. You would have these switches all mounted onto a rack, and then you would have patch cables, and those patch cables would plug into these different ports right here, and the other end would plug into either some sort of equipment, or into the jacks that go out to your users if this is an access switch. So we plug these ports into the different equipment that we have.

Right above the connector we have different lights, and the lights can tell us different information, such as the usage, or the speed, or different connection types, so we can gather different information from there. We can actually toggle through that information by pressing the button here on the right-hand side. As I press that, there are a few different LEDs and different ones light up, and that selects the different modes for what the LED displays and what it means.

On the other side here we have ports that would be our link ports to, let us say, other switches. This might be a link to another switch, possibly a server. These are our main connections that we are establishing with other equipment, and they would probably be a higher speed. There are the RJ45 connectors here, or we could use a GBIC connector, which is something that would slide in here and give it some additional functionality. For instance, let us say we wanted to use fiber optics, and we wanted to run from one switch to another switch. We could slide a GBIC into here and then connect the two switches using fiber optics.

The 2960

This is a 2960 that we have right here, and it is a managed switch. I am going to flip it around and look at the back, and we see a few things on the back. One thing we see here is the power supply, so the power would plug in here, or if we had some DC power we could input it here and power this device through DC power. Typically you would see this unless you had some other setups on your racks. Over here is where the console port is, so the console is where we connect into this using our PC and start programming it. Right here you can see a little grid, an opening into the chassis. That is where this device is venting out, so the fan is right there and it is going to blow all that hot air out.

The next switch

On our next switch here, same thing: we see 48 ports, and we see our GBIC here that we can add some additional functionality with. Over here we actually see four different ones on this particular one. Then we have the same button that we press right here with the LEDs, and the LEDs across here that display our different information regarding the different ports. There is one LED right here per port, and then a row of LEDs here that gives us different statuses of this machine and the mode in which it is displaying with these LEDs across here.

The 3750

Let us take a look at our third switch. This is a 3750. Before I switch to that one, I will flip this around and show you that it has a special connector type in the back, and that is called a StackWise. These 3750s are amazing switches, and you can use a separate cable to connect the different switches, the backplanes of the switches, together for a much faster connection. We also have a console port across here. I cannot see it very well from my angle, but we have got a console port, we have got power, some of the same things that we saw on the other switch.

This 3750 is a little bit different, a little bit bigger. Both of the 3750s have power over Ethernet, so it can power things like phones. We have the same ports across here with the LEDs across here. The display for the mode that it is displaying is vertical rather than horizontal, and our button is across here on the top. Then this is an actual place where we can slide in some additional functionality, slide a little card in there and have some additional functionality.

What really makes this interesting is what we see if we turn it around and take a look at the back. Because this one is a much higher-end switch, it is able to deliver a lot more power, and it is also able to swap things out. There are hot swappable items on here in case something goes down, for instance the power. This is the power right here and I can slide one of these power units out. I have got two, so it has got redundancy involved with it. I can slide one of these out and replace it with a new one in case the power goes out. Same thing, I can slide out the fan; this is a fan unit, I can slide that out and replace the fan unit. We have the console port up here, and the StackWise again, to connect from switch to switch. So there are some switches and the hardware involved in the switches.

An 1800 series router

This is an 1800 series router. Routers typically have a much cleaner look to them and a lot less ports. Where a switch is designed to connect into lots of other devices, a router has a more specific purpose involved with it that requires a lot less ports. We do not see any ports across the front, so we flip it around and take a look at the back.

On the back we have a power switch on this. What is interesting, if you notice, is the switches did not have power switches; you just plugged them into power and they turned on, versus we actually have a switch to turn this on and off. We have got a power port right here. We have got our ports right here that we can configure; two of them are fast Ethernet, here for connecting into things. We have got a T1 type connector in here.

Both these ports right here are cards that you can slide in, so I have got this card populated and this card is not. If I wanted some additional functionality, I could slide a card into here to give it some additional functionality. Or if I did not want the T1, I could slide the T1 out and slide a different card in here. One of the cards might have additional ports that I could turn into switch ports, or possibly turn into more router ports, depending on my needs for that.

I have the console port right here. This also has an auxiliary. What the auxiliary is for is if this is in some sort of remote location and the router goes down, I cannot necessarily console into it because I do not have something connected to the console, and since the router is down I cannot actually get to it through SSH. So I may have some other device, a modem or something, connected into this to get into it and do some administration on it.

One other thing is that this one actually has some additional memory loaded into it, a flash card here that can be put into it to have some additional memory on this device.

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