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NIST NICE K0830 NIST 800-53 IA-5 NIST 800-53 AC-7 CompTIA Tech+ 6.5 NIST 800-53 AT-3 NIST CSF PR.AT-02 NIST NICE K0638 ISC2 CC 2.3
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IAM - Password Enforcement

Strong password enforcement is a critical responsibility for IT professionals, who must implement policies covering MFA, password length, login attempt limits, and tools like single sign-on to protect systems and guide user behavior.

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About this video

IT professionals hold administrative access across a wide range of systems, which makes strong credential management both a personal obligation and an organizational responsibility. The policies they set and the habits they model directly influence how the broader user base approaches password security. Core enforcement measures include requiring multi-factor authentication, which is now considered a baseline requirement by most cybersecurity insurance providers, establishing minimum password length standards, and limiting the number of failed login attempts to prevent brute-force attacks. Actively screening user passwords by running directory accounts against cracking databases is also essential, since publishing a policy without verification leaves significant gaps in actual compliance. Some widely held assumptions about password security are outdated and counterproductive. Mandatory periodic password changes, once considered best practice, are no longer recommended because they tend to produce predictable sequences, oversimplified passwords, and written-down credentials. Instead, organizations should focus on the quality of passwords rather than their rotation frequency. Allowing copy-paste functionality is equally important, as blocking it discourages the use of password managers and pushes users toward shorter, easier-to-remember passwords that are far less secure. IT departments also carry a responsibility to model the behaviors they enforce. Setting shared or default passwords, even for convenience, undermines the policies being communicated to end users and establishes poor precedent. Implementing single sign-on reduces the friction of managing multiple credentials, making it more practical for users to maintain one strong, complex password across many applications. For repeat offenders who continue to violate password policies, enforcement mechanisms such as mandatory retraining and a carefully structured password reset process can create the accountability needed to shift entrenched habits and build a more security-conscious organization.

What you'll learn

What's covered

Password Enforcement Policies

Aligned to

NIST NICE
K0830 Knowledge of password policies and procedures
K0638 Knowledge of security awareness programs
NIST 800-53
IA-5 Authenticator Management
AC-7 Unsuccessful Logon Attempts
AT-3 Role-Based Training
CompTIA Tech+
6.5 Explain password best practices
NIST CSF
PR.AT-02 Individuals in specialized roles are provided with awareness and training so that they possess the knowledge and skills to perform relevant tasks with cybersecurity risks in mind
ISC2 CC
2.3 Understand security awareness

Key terms

Multi-Factor Authentication
MFA
An authentication method that requires users to provide two or more verification factors to gain access.
Brute Force Attack
An attack method that systematically tries all possible combinations of passwords or keys until the correct one is found.
Single Sign-On
SSO
An authentication process that allows a user to access multiple applications with one set of credentials.
Authentication
The process of verifying the identity of a user, device, or system.
Password Policy
A set of organizational rules governing the creation, complexity, expiration, and management of user passwords to reduce security risk.
Account Lockout Threshold
A security setting that limits the number of failed login attempts before an account is temporarily locked to prevent brute force attacks.
Password Manager
A secure application that stores and manages a user's passwords in an encrypted vault, requiring only one master credential for access. Password managers enable users to maintain strong, unique passwords for every account without memorizing them.

Topics

Identity And Access Management Password Policy Multi Factor Authentication Single Sign On Account Lockout Cybersecurity

Transcript

Why Password Enforcement Matters

IT professionals have admin rights into a lot of different systems. Of course it's going to be really important that they have good credential management to make sure those systems are protected. But not only that — they're setting the policies for the rest of the users, and they're setting them on the different systems, and so it's going to be really important that they set the correct policy enforcement for passwords.

What to Enforce

One thing you're going to want your users to do is MFA, using some sort of MFA for their accounts. It's just mandatory nowadays. In fact, cyber security insurance is requiring it — if you're going to get insurance you have to have it. So MFA is just mandatory nowadays.

Long passwords are important as well. That is one of the biggest things that you can do to promote good passwords: have longer passwords.

Also, exceeding the number of attempts. If somebody's hacking your system, you don't want them to be able to replay and retry a bunch of different passwords. You want them to be locked out if they are not successful at a certain point, so have some sort of limit to how many times they can attempt bad passwords.

Then also screening passwords, making sure that you're checking on what passwords your users are using. That means that maybe you're even running some cracking databases against your directory services, against your user accounts, to see if you can hack their accounts. Because let me tell you, just saying what the policies are and having no enforcement, or no way to check on your users, is actually not a good system. What you'll do is you'll put the policy out there, and a lot of them won't follow it — some of them will, but a lot of them won't follow it — and you'll run one of these screening passwords to find out what their passwords are, and you'll find that a lot of them are not following the rules. It'll take a while to actually get your users all on board with following the new rules.

No Regular Password Changes

Also, no regular password changes. This is a common misconception out there. In fact, when I'm filling out cyber security insurance, it's one of the most common questions that I get from the cyber security insurance: why are you not making your users change their passwords?

As I already mentioned, it is helpful to change your password, it creates some level of security. But the problem, what they found, is that when people change their passwords regularly they just do some sort of sequence, which is not effective as we already mentioned, or they just make a real simple password, or they write it down, or whatever the case. Making your users change their passwords creates bad password habits, and so they found it's not effective. The recommendation nowadays is don't change your passwords regularly, or don't make your users change their passwords regularly, because they won't manage it very well. History has shown that that's just the way that people are working.

Allow Copy and Paste

Then allow copy and paste. This is where people are copying and pasting from a password manager. If you're not allowing them to copy and paste from a password manager, what they're going to have to do is manually type in these big long messages, and that gets to be a big pain. So what they're going to do is start shortening their passwords and start creating password habits that aren't very good. Allow copy and paste so they can use password managers.

Bad Habits Set by IT

I've stepped into IT departments before where the IT department was practicing really bad password habits and they were setting a precedence for other employees.

Number one, they were telling the employees what the password was. That's problematic, because now you're saying don't share your password, but here's a shared password.

The other thing is they were setting default passwords, and with these default passwords people don't change the default password — they just start using the default password. The impression that the employees get is, we're saying practice good passwords, but here's a password, and they get the impression that this is a good password. We need to establish a precedence of what is a good password.

Single Sign-On

Another thing that can really help is single sign-on. If you implement single sign-on, then it's much easier for the users to practice good password behaviors. They can create one really good secure password that logs them on to multiple devices. Single sign-on allows you to log in once but access a lot of different applications and a lot of different software, rather than having a different login for each one of those. When you have a different login for each one of those, that's when they start writing down passwords, when they start using more simple passwords — that's what promotes some bad behavior.

Enforcement

Another thing is that it's not enough just to take something away from somebody; you need to have some sort of enforcement. As an example, as we said, make sure you screen your passwords to make sure that users are using good passwords. But if you find repeat offenders doing the same thing over and over again, they're not going to change their habit unless something becomes painful, and so sometimes you have to enforce that. What that might look like is extra training: if they find that they're not able to create the proper passwords, then perhaps they need to go through the password training again.

And then the password reset process — just make sure you have good habits when you go through a password reset process, and that you're once again not training your users to have bad password behavior.

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